Many expectant mothers genuinely puzzled: why a few times to take “unnecessary” analysis on STI – sexually transmitted infection? Because worldly point of view such infections “decent” girl, Yes, being pregnant, not ill. About this difficult issue, we talk to the obstetrician-
gynecologist at maternity hospital No. 2. Minsk Alla Zubareva.
– Please clarify what lies behind a terrible acronym STI and how it can affect pregnancy?
Infection, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is a bacterial or viral disease which can be transmitted during oral, genital, or anal sexual contact with an infected partner. STIs can indeed have serious consequences for the health of all members of your family and unborn child including.
– Based on the experience of your work who may be infected with an STI?
– Absolutely anyone: and the wicked and righteous. And through sexual contact, and in some cases by so-called household: in case of insufficient hygiene in the swimming pool, steam bath, Barber shop, especially when in-home service. So, for example, the hepatitis b virus can be transmitted during the use of household items, for example, a toothbrush or razor of a patient. Therefore state categorically: “for me it’s not going to happen,” nobody can. And, of course, for suspected STIs should be treated both partners, and nothing else.
Follow the rules of personal hygiene when handling possible damage of the mucosa and skin when performing manicure, pedicure in salons. Personal set of tools for manipulation – safe.
– STIs and pregnancy compatible?
– Compatible pregnancy and treated before you become pregnant STIs. This is the best option. But if the expectant mother find yourself or your partner a dubious symptoms, she should definitely tell your doctor about them.
sores, rashes, warty growths or nodules in the genital area or mouth;
burning and pain when urinating;
swelling in the genital area;
burning, pain, or discharge from the rectum;
swelling or redness in the throat;
fever, chills, pain of various localization.
The woman:
unusual discharge or odor from the vagina;
pain in the pelvic area, between the navel and genitals;
burning and itching around the vagina;
spotting from the vagina between menstrual periods;
pain deep in the vagina during intercourse.
Men:
discharge from the penis;
rashes on the genitals or around them.
– If no symptoms, then, all right?
– It is better to be surveyed. Some STIs can be present in the human body for years without symptoms. Therefore, before you plan to conceive a baby you must make sure that neither you nor your partner is not in contact with the virus in the past. If the presence of one STI is confirmed, you will want to learn all about the risks and peculiarities of treatment of the disease.
In addition, some STIs often do not have pronounced symptoms, therefore both women and men may not even know that they are sick.
Note for asymptomatic STIs: chlamydia, Gardnerella, Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, human papilloma virus.
During the first appointment with a gynecologist when a doctor gives you a referral for tests, don’t forget to tell me if these infections you had in the past.
Infection so cling or so diverse?
– The one and the other. There are about 50 similar infections, and no one has immunity to them. And unlike the “classic” sexually transmitted diseases in modern infection much more difficult to diagnose and treat.
To the “classic” sexually transmitted sexually transmitted diseases include syphilis, gonorrhea. Another large group includes the sexually transmitted diseases with a primary lesion of the genital organs: chlamydia, trichomoniasis, candidal vulvovaginitis, mycoplasmosis, genital herpes. Finally, there are diseases that can be transmitted both sexually and asexual by: human papillomavirus infection of the genitals, genital molluscum contagiosum, pubic lice, scabies, hepatitis b, giardiasis, amebiasis, as well as threatening viral disease AIDS.
Is it possible to do a tips of friends or online resources on the subject of what medicine to buy?
The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases that are treated with different drugs. Without laboratory diagnosis and identify the causative agent to start treatment is pointless and dangerous.
– How dangerous is the detection of genital infections in pregnant?
– Detection of infection and guarantees safety. Depending on the time on which noted the presence in the body of the infection, the condition of the body of the woman, and based on the well-being of the fetus, the doctor will choose the best treatment.
During early pregnancy, while the fetus is particularly vulnerable. So, first of all, assign observation and exterior treatments that are not harmful to the unborn child.
In the middle of pregnancy, when the placenta is fully formed and is reliable barrier that protects the baby from harmful influences, an infected mother can offer more intensive treatment: specially designed for her scheme, the most appropriate drugs, if necessary even in a hospital environment.
If the infection is detected at later stages of pregnancy and threatens the baby during childbirth, apply a special treatment, guaranteeing the baby more control and in the process, and immediately after birth.
The main thing in this case is to preserve the presence of the spirit, to cooperate with the doctor to obtain complete and accurate information and be convinced that you and the baby will be fine. Positive and professional attitude – all the best mate of the future mother in any pregnancy.
– What is the danger of genital infections during pregnancy?
The presence of STIs in pregnant women can cause serious harm to the fetus. Untreated syphilis can lead to the birth of a child with congenital syphilis.
Untreated gonococcal infection often leads to ectopic pregnancy or pelvic inflammatory disease organs. Chronic gonorrhea may worsen immediately after birth. The high risk of gonococcal sepsis. In acute gonorrhea are at increased risk of premature rupture of membranes, spontaneous abortion and premature birth. Intrauterine infection is manifested gonococcal sepsis in the newborn and chorioamnionitis. Infection during labor may lead to gonococcal conjunctivitis, external otitis and vulvovaginitis. Unfortunately, the most common complication in children born to patients with gonorrhea mothers, is eye damage, threatening blindness.
Trichomoniasis, according to most doctors, is not one of those diseases that can have a fatal impact on the fetus, but pregnant women it increases the risk of preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes.
Consequences of untreated genital chlamydia during pregnancy often can be:
non-developing pregnancy;
spontaneous abortions;
premature or overdue;
untimely rupture of water;
blood loss of more than 300 ml;
postpartum fever;
endometritis;
intrauterine infection of the fetus. The fetus is infected during the direct contact with the ancestral ways of the mother and in utero: in the ingestion or aspiration of amniotic fluid.
The most common manifestation of congenital chlamydia infection in toddlers are conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eye), pneumonia and otitis media.
All of these unfortunate consequences can be avoided if the time to start and responsibly be treated. In this case, the forecast is always more favorable.
– Let’s summarize: what you need to know about the impact of STIs on pregnancy and childbirth?
For the birth of a healthy child must be three months before conception to conduct a full examination of both parents, including the presence of STIs. This time is sufficient to treat an existing infection or to bring them to the period of sustained remission.
A pregnant woman can transmit most STDs during pregnancy or childbirth their child. The probability of transmission can be drastically reduced, if the time to begin treatment. If you are already pregnant, you urgently need a full examination. In any period of pregnancy be sure to tell your doctor if these or other symptoms of STIs or suspect that could become infected. And always keep common sense and presence of mind. Take care of yourself and your loved ones!
